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Company NewsWhen quoting a Brinell hardness number (BHN or more commonly HB), the conditions of the test used to obtain the number must be specified. (HB is not related to the "HB" degree of pencil hardness.) The standard format for specifying tests can be seen in the example "HBW 10/3000". "HBW" means that a tungsten carbide (from the chemical symbol for tungsten or from the Swedish/German name for tungsten, "Wolfram") ball indenter was used, as opposed to "HBS", which means a hardened steel ball. The "10" is the ball diameter in millimeters. The "3000" is the force in kilograms force.
The hardness may also be shown as XXX HB YYD2. The XXX is the force to apply (in kgf) on a material of type YY (5 for aluminum alloys, 10 for copper alloys, 30 for steels). Thus a typical steel hardness could be written: 250 HB 30D2. It could be a maximum or a minimum.
| Hardness symbol | Diameter of Indenter mm | F/D2 | Test force N/kgf |
|---|---|---|---|
| HBW 10/3000 | 10 | 30 | 29420(3000) |
| HBW 10/1500 | 10 | 15 | 14710(1500) |
| HBW 10/1000 | 10 | 10 | 9807(1000) |
| Material | Hardness |
|---|---|
| Softwood (e.g., pine) | 1.6 HBS 10/100 |
| Hardwood | 2.6–7.0 HBS 1.6 10/100 |
| Lead | 5.0 HB (pure lead; alloyed lead typically can range from 5.0 HB to values in excess of 22.0 HB) |
| Pure Aluminium | 15 HB |
| Copper | 35 HB |
| Hardened AW-6060 Aluminium | 75 HB |
| Mild steel | 120 HB |
| 18–8 (304) stainless steel annealed | 200 HB |
| Hardox wear plate | 400-700 HB |
| Hardened tool steel | 600–900 HB (HBW 10/3000) |
| Glass | 1550 HB |
| Rhenium diboride | 4600 HB |
| Note: Standard test conditions unless otherwise stated | |